Method of Preparing a Chiral Substrate Surface By Electrodeposition

A solid substrate comprising a surface comprising an achiral array of atoms having thereupon a chiral metal oxide surface. The chiral metal oxide surface is prepared by electrodeposition of a chiral metal oxide array from a solution of a chiral salt of the metal. In one embodiment, chiral CuO is grown on achiral Au(001) by epitaxial electrodeposition. The handedness of the film is determined by the specific enantiomer of tartrate ion in the deposition solution. (R,R)- tartrate produces an S—CuO(l 1 T) film, while (S,S)-tartrate produces an R—CuO(Tl 1) film. These chiral CuO films are enantiospecific for the electrochemical oxidation of(R,R) and (S,S)-tartrate

Rakennusautomaation vastaanoton kehittäminen

Rakennusautomaation vastaanotto ja siihen liittyvät toimintakokeet ovat keskeisiä vaiheita rakennusautomaatioprojektin laadun varmennuksessa. Senaatti-kiinteistöjen talotekniikan asiantuntija Timo Keskikuru oli havainnut koko alaa koskevia puutteita vastaanottoprosessissa ja toivoi asiaa tutkittavan. Työn tavoitteena oli kehittää rakennusautomaation vastaanoton toimintatapoja. Työssä selvitettiin aiheeseen liittyviä säännöksiä ja toimintatapoja kirjallisista lähteistä. Kehitystyön kannalta tärkein tutkimismenetelmä oli alan eri toimijoiden haastattelut. Käytännön kokemuksia saatiin pilottikohteesta, jossa kehitystyön tuloksia testattiin. Työssä kehitettiin vastaanoton tueksi myös tarkastusdokumentointia. Vastaanoton kehittämistarpeet nousivat työn aikana selvästi esille. Dokumentoinnin kehittämiseen on tulevaisuudessa varattava lisää resursseja, jotta laajempi uudistus vallitseviin käytäntöihin olisi mahdollinen. Myös vastaanoton toimintatapojen uudistaminen koko rakennusautomaatioalalla vaatii loppuun asti kehitettyjä ohjeistuksia ja valmiita dokumentteja, jotka myös otetaan käyttöön.Acceptance of building automation and functional test are important subjects when developing building automation system projects. Timo Keskikuru, Expert in Building Services Engineering in Senaatti-Kiinteistöt, had noticed some deficiencies in the acceptance procedure and wanted a research to be done. The goal was to a develop procedure for building automation acceptance. In the execution rules and working policies were studied from literature of the field. The most important way of research was interviews of professionals from different perspectives. Practical experience was gathered in a pilot project, which gave an opportunity to test some results of the development. As a result, a documentation was developed to support acceptance. The need of development in acceptance was clear. More resources must be given to research and development of documentation to reform the procedure more. Also documents and instructions must be properly improved and finished to make difference in larger scale

Electrochemical Deposition and Characterization of Fe₃O₄ Films Produced by the Reduction of Fe(III)-triethanolamine

In this paper, we demonstrate that films of magnetite, Fe3O4, can be deposited by the electrochemical reduction of a Fe(III)-triethanolamine complex in aqueous alkaline solution. the films were deposited with a columnar microstructure and a [100] preferred orientation on stainless steel substrates. In-plane electrical transport and magnetoresistance measurements were performed on the films after they were stripped off onto glass substrates. the resistance of the films was dependent on the oxygen partial pressure. We attribute the increase in resistance in O2 and the decrease in resistance in Ar to the oxidation and reduction of grain boundaries. the decrease in resistance in an Ar atmosphere exhibited first-order kinetics, with an activation energy of 0.2 eV. the temperature dependence of the resistance showed a linear dependence of log(R) versus T-1/2, consistent with tunneling across resistive grain boundaries. a room-temperature magnetoresistance of -6.5% was observed at a magnetic field of 9 T

Epitaxial Electrodeposition

This thesis presents an investigation on epitaxial electrodeposition of metal oxides on Au single crystals. --Abstract, page iv

Epitaxial electrodeposition of chiral and spintronic metal oxides

This dissertation presents an investigation of the electrodeposition of epitaxial and polycrystalline functional metal oxide films on conducting polycrystalline and single crystal substrates --Abstract, page iv

Thermodynamic to Kinetic Transition in Epitaxial Electrodeposition

Ordered nanostructures of cuprous oxide are deposited onto single-crystal gold after a transition from a thermodynamically controlled orientation to a kinetically preferred orientation. Crosshatch patterns of cuprous oxide with a 20 by 100 nm orthogonal nanowire morphology are formed at pH 12 on Au(100). A unique asset of electrodeposition is exploited to deposit these nanostructures: the departure from equilibrium is controlled with millivolt precision by simply selecting an applied electrode overpotential. Small changes in overpotential produce dramatic changes in the morphology of the films. The electrodeposited films follow the [100] orientation of the single-crystal substrate at low overpotential (that is, close to equilibrium) but change to a kinetically preferred [110] orientation at a threshold overpotential of -118 mV. The abrupt change of orientation is triggered by the coalescence of three-dimensional islands that form on the Au(100) surface

Enantiospecific Electrodeposition of Chiral CuO Films on Cu(1 1 0) from Aqueous Cu(II) Tartrate and Amino Acid Complexes

CuO films were anodically electrodeposited onto Cu(110) single crystals from alkaline solutions of Cu(II) complexed with tartrate, alanine, valine, and glycine. In all cases the films were epitaxial, exhibiting varying amounts of the chiral orientations (110) and (110). The enantiomeric excess (ee) of the chiral electrodeposition process was determined by X-ray pole figure analysis. The CuO films deposited from d-tartrate solution exhibited a (110) out-of-plane orientation with an ee of 61%, while films grown from l-tartrate exhibited a (110) orientation with an ee of 77%. The CuO film deposited from achiral meso-tartrate had essentially equal amounts of both chiral orientations. Epitaxial CuO films deposited from d-alanine and d-valine both gave (110) orientation with ee\u27s of 40 and 65%, respectively, while CuO films deposited from l-alanine and l-valine gave (110) orientations with ee\u27s of 39 and 67%, respectively. Films obtained from a glycine solution showed roughly equal amounts of both chiral orientations

Enantiospecific Electrodeposition of Chiral CuO Films on Single-crystal Cu(111)

Epitaxial films of monoclinic CuO have been electrodeposited on single-crystal Cu(111) from solutions containing either (S,S)- or (R,R)-tartrate. X-ray pole figure analysis reveals that the CuO film grown from (S,S)-tartrate exhibits a (1) out-of-plane orientation while the film grown from (R,R)-tartrate has a (11) orientation. Even though CuO does not crystallize within a chiral space group, the orientations obtained exhibit a surface chirality similar to that obtained from high index fcc metal surfaces. The films were shown to be enantioselective toward the catalytic oxidation of tartrate molecules by cyclic voltammetry. The technique should prove to be applicable to the electrodeposition of chiral surfaces of other low-symmetry materials on achiral substrates and should prove to be of use to those interested in the synthesis, separation, and detection of chiral molecules

Epitaxial Electrodeposition of Functional Metal Oxide Thin Films

This paper is a review of our recent work on the epitaxial electrodeposition of functional metal oxide thin films. Epitaxial systems discussed are Cu₂O on Si(001) and InP(001), Fe3O 4 on Au(111), and chiral CuO on Au(001). A major emphasis of our work has been to use the deposition solution (pH, complexing agents, additives) and overpotential to control the shape, orientation, and chirality of epitaxial films